Karen Tei Yamashitas Tropic of Orange Essay example

â€Å"Visualize Child Protective Services (CPS) walking up to your home to take your children away from you. Now picture this, picture what the children feel like escorted away from their parents left to wonder where they will end up.† Says Larry in the beginning of our interview. â€Å"Many children experience these thoughts as they walk out the front door of what they call home.† What can we do to ease the anxiety of these young children taken away from parents? Kinship care is one viable option that can ease the worry for children. However, kinship care is not the only placement for children who are taken away from their homes. Other out-of-home placements include group homes, residential treatments, private child welfare institutions, shelters,†¦show more content†¦In that household there were also other cultures present. According to the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS), the fiscal year of 2010 reported 254,375 children ente ring into foster care. Studies are beginning to show that kinship care is the way to go for children of all ages. Reports are also finding that in some states kinship care is now exceeding non-kinship foster care. Such findings show that the United States is beginning to see the value of placing children in a familiar environment. Larry and his adopted brothers, one being Chinese, and one being Anglo, grew up with one another until Larry was around 10 years old. Larry, being the oldest amongst the two, saw them as his real brothers. â€Å"We used to play war games at home with plastic guns.† I was responsible for their mistakes at home, and at school, they were my only family.† Most children do not get to decide whether they will enter the foster care system. This decision is made for them. Furthermore, they definitely do not get to decide where they will live. There are a myriad of reasons why children are removed from their home. For example, parents who battle with substanceShow MoreRelated Yamashitas Tropic of Orange Essay2444 Words   |  10 PagesYamashitas Tropic of Orange This paper studies Yamashita’s Tropic of Orange as a magical realist text and examines the implications for such a style on the notion of the urban. Specifically, I will explore how Yamashita uses magical realism to collapse boundaries and socially transform Los Angeles into an embattled utopia for the disenfranchised. First, however, magical realism is a loaded term and some definitions are in order. In addition to important recent innovations in the form and itsRead MoreThe Tropic Of Orange By Karen Tei Yamashita1530 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Through the Six: Multiculturalism + Diversity in The Tropic of Orange Without a doubt, the cast assembled in Karen Tei Yamashita’s novel The Tropic of Orange is one of the most diverse in any novel I have ever read for a class. Unlike the typical fair of the â€Å"mostly white with a couple brown people sprinkled in† casts I normally see, Yamashita really takes it to the next level incorporating characters from almost all walks of life and several that boast many different nationalities. ItRead MoreEssay on The City of Los Angeles1470 Words   |  6 Pagesnine million reside in the city (US Census Bureau). Immigrants from all over the world move to Los Angeles because of the wide opportunities the city provides through the numerous schools and various employment occupations. In the novel Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita we are introduce to Bobby Ngu’s and his story which subsidizes the reason to immigrate. Ngu from Singapore experienced some tough times back home with his family and his father tells him, â€Å"you gotta h ave a future? Better go to

Juvenile Delinquency and Single Parent Homes - 1345 Words

Juvenile Delinquency amp; Single Parent Homes Juvenile delinquency and single parent homes is an important topic in today’s society given the fact that more and more children are growing up in a home without one parent, whether it be the mother or the father. After all the rate of divorce for first time marriages in America is about 56% and many children growing up sometimes do not even know one parent, typically the father. I chose the subject of juvenile delinquency and single parent homes because I am the product of a single parent home. Growing up I never knew my father; he left when I was a baby. I grew up living with my mother and grandmother, two people who loved me and made sure I was well taken care of.†¦show more content†¦A study done by the US Department of Justice’s Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention states that out of one hundred and fifty-six victims of child sexual abuse a large number of victims came from broken or single parent homes. Twenty-seven percent of these victims lived with a stepfather or the mother’s boyfriend. These statistics are shocking and something should be done in all honesty to protect these kids. This is not to say that sexual abuse or child abuse doesn’t occur in two parent homes because it does, but the abuse is more prevalent in single parent homes. Because of the lack of income in a single parent home, many children in a single parent home will have less opportunity than children in a two parent home. For example, college is expensive. It helps if there are two parents to help save for college. Unfortunately many children in a single parent home do not get the opportunity to attend college due to the cost. Parents simply do not have the money for it. A typical parent’s income is spent trying to maintain a roof over the family’s head which isn’t easy to do, especially in these economic times. Many times children from single parent homes will live in â€Å"bad† neighborhoods because it’s where their parents can afford to live. These neighborhoods generally do not allow for any opportunity and will lead to possible delinquency, such as drinking, cutting school, and â€Å"running with theShow MoreRelatedThe Number Of Juveniles Committing Crimes1745 Words   |  7 PagesThe number of juveniles committing crimes seems to be decreasing every year, but the numbers are still high and police force can’t seem to figure out what the problem is. Though no one answer can tell people why numbers are going up, researchers are determine to figure out what may be the root of the issue. It has been stated by many studies that the environment a child comes from can determine whether they will become a criminal. There are 3 main categories that have been discussed that researchersRead MoreFamily Structure And Juvenile Delinquency1671 Words   |  7 Pagescrime is mostly known as juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency is defined as young adults, people under eighteen, braking or violating the law (Websters). Family structure can affect juvenile delinquency in numerous ways. Family structure can include family support system, home environment, and fa mily unity. The independent variable is family structure and the dependent variable is juvenile delinquency. Home environment plays a role in the production of juvenile delinquency. Kierkus and HewittRead MoreThe Effects Of Juvenile Delinquency On The Criminal Justice System1691 Words   |  7 Pagesthat crime is being exposed and done by minors. Juvenile delinquency has impacted the criminal justice system in various ways. It has grown over the past years and many do not know how it evolved. For once, family structure can affect juvenile delinquency in numerous of ways. The independent variable is family structure and the dependent variable is juvenile delinquency. Home environment does indeed play a role in the production of juvenile delinquency. Kierkus and Hewitt (2009) in The ContextualRead MoreFamily Structure And Juvenile Delinquency1626 Words   |  7 Pagesof crimes committed by minors. Family structure can affect juvenile delinquency in numerous ways. The independent variable is family structure and the dependent variable is juvenile delinquency. Home environment plays a role in the production of juvenile delinquency. Kierkus and Hewitt (2009) in The Contextual Nature of the Family Structure/Delinquency relationship discussed how family structure is an important factor in delinquency but there might also be other factors that influence this typeRead MoreThe Main Finding Is Thus That The Variable â€Å"Adoptee† Is1432 Words   |  6 PagesThe main finding is thus that the variable â€Å"adoptee† is a risk factor for delinquency for Danish-born adoptees and stepchildren, but not for adopted immigrants. (Laubjerg, 367). They then eliminated the country of origin to see what would happen, and they found that the risk of delinquency increased which proves that it is origin that causes the risk of delinquency. The immigration and the adoption is not what brings about the risk. Danish adoptees greater than 12 months at adoption and stepchildrenRead MoreUnique Juvenile Situations Faced by Correctional Officers1315 Words   |  6 PagesRUNNING HEAD: UNIQUE SITUATIONS WHEN DEALING WITH JUVEN ILES Unique Situations When Dealing With Juveniles Corrections Professor Sunshine Richards Juvenile crime rates have been a main concern for law enforcement officials throughout the past several decades. â€Å"Over the past several decades, the number of juvenile arrests have been relatively stable except for increases in juvenile violent crime, as murder arrests for juvenile offenders increased by 93 percent during the 1980s and arrestsRead MoreBreaking Down the Walls of Delinquency1685 Words   |  7 Pagesexplore how family life influences juvenile delinquency. Juveniles are more likely to become juvenile delinquents if there is little structure provided for them in their families. Children who are rejected by their parents, who grow up in homes with considerable conflict, or who are inadequately supervised are at the greatest risk of becoming delinquent. Literature reviews, focused on the relationship between child abuse and juvenile delinquency, indicate that juvenile delinquents are often productsRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : Factors That Lead Youth1458 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Delinquency: Factors that lead youth to delinquency It has long been a problem why some children steal, damage properties and not others. Many researches have been done to know the main factor that lead youth to delinquency, and it has been learned that there is no single path to delinquency. Although much of the research on factors that youth face has focused on predicting serious and violent offenses. Many people wonder about the factors that lead youth to commit delinquency. There areRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency and the Criminal Justice System1423 Words   |  6 PagesWithin the criminal justice system, juvenile delinquency is an issue that I find the most overlooked and it is a problem that is growing, particularly in the poorer areas. The term juvenile delinquency refers to the antisocial or criminal activity under the age of 18 which violates the law. Everyone is affected by juvenile crime, parents, teachers, families and neighbors. It is essential that programs are implemented to help with juvenile delinquents. Although deli nquency rates have decreased dramaticallyRead More Adolescence and Juvenile Delinquency Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pagespossible reasons that may cause an adolescent to become a juvenile delinquent. During my research, I found that the term juvenile delinquency is defined a number of ways. Mosbys Medical Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary summed up juvenile delinquency best with this definition; resistant antisocial, illegal, or criminal behavior by children or adolescents to the degree that it cannot be controlled or corrected by the parents, endangers others in the community, and becomes the concern

Essay Caribbean Women - 1674 Words

Although the Caribbean can boast that in its short history as independent states, women have been able to break the glass ceiling and rise to the highest levels, including the office of the Prime Minister, and despite laws which protect the rights of women, inequality between men and women remains widespread and deep rooted in many cultural practices and traditions. Like other women in developing countries, Caribbean women face though choices every day,- choices where cultural tradition often conflict with their human rights. Women who chose to have children have been made to live with that often repeated phrase that the problems of the world are caused by poor women having too many babies. This of course is simply a diversion from†¦show more content†¦There is no fundamental contradiction between placing blame on poor women’s fertility for the world’s problem. Mazur states that, â€Å"Betsy is insinuating that everyone working on issues such as population and the environment are misogynistic and want to bring back the idea of ‘population control.. I am committed to environmental sustainability, reproductive health and rights, and to the eradication of the division between rich and poor, men and women. I strongly believe that by reducing population growth- women should have the right and power to make their own decision about childbearing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  [3] There is a new project about the environment and the population, with its main objectives to reduce slowing population growth without coercion or infringing on their Human Rights by means of recognizing the need for reproductive health services for women so that they are able to make their own decision. However; this is not a new idea, some outreach programs provides voluntary contraceptives for poor women, who are still being blamed for the environmental problems, and demand reduction in birth rate in developing countries. It should be highlighted that the Optimum Population Trust, prides itself on â€Å"non-coercive policies to control and maintain the growth of the population†¦empowering women to maintain their fertility†. According to Mazur’s, the OPT states, â€Å"All future environmental problems, and especially those arising from climate change, would be easier to address with aShow MoreRelatedCaribbean American Women1256 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinitely no t as a theoretical equal† (46). To go â€Å"piece of the way† or the â€Å"visitor theory† is useful when considering West Indian American writings. Davies’s visitor theory serves as a critical lens through which we can analyze the dynamics of women writers such as Jamaica Kincaid and Paule Marshall. In Davies case she used the visitor theory to describe the black/ woman consciousness. I am using visitor theory to bring to our attention that the West Indian American’s consciousness is more complexRead MoreCaribbean American Women742 Words   |  3 PagesCarole Boyce Davies discussion on Zora Neale Hurston’s essay â€Å"How It Feels to be Colored Me† she uses posits Hurston’s proffering to travel â€Å"piece of the way† with visitors as new way of thinking about the periphery in academia . Beginning her chapter â€Å"Coming to Terms with Theory,† Boyce expresses how outdates and inefficient the current theoretical practices have become. She states that scholars are intellectually trapped by the hierarchical systems within scholarship. Her main critique comes fromRead More Degradation of Women in Caribbean Music Essay1748 Words   |  7 PagesAs one moves past the initial onslaught of rhythmic beats that calypso has to offer, it is difficult to miss the way in which it reverberates with negative and demoralizing images of women to their male counterparts. Whether it is within the lyrics of Sparrow’s â€Å"Drunk and Disorderly† or Square One’s â€Å"My Ding-a Ling†, an ample number of verses are often dedicated to making lewd comments about the female body and the suggestive body language described through thinly veiled rhymes and puns, can beRead More The Effects of Caribbean Colonization on the Family: Through the Eyes of Caribbean Women Writers2439 Words   |  10 PagesThe effects of colonization on the family of Caribbean people, as described by various twentieth century Caribbean woman writers, are as complicated as they are vast. These authors show that families continue to struggle with separation, poverty, and cultural identity issues that create extra ordinary difficulties for the families who live on these post-colonial islands. It can be argued that all families have struggles, both internal and external, and while this is undoubtedly trueRead MorePast Paper1602 Words   |  7 Pages(15 marks) b. Describe the features of your culture that have most impressed the Spanish. (10 marks) 3. Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. The Europeans made contact with several different groups of Amerindians in the Caribbean and mainland territories. Though similar in some respects, there were marked differences among the groups. The Mayan civilization was more advanced than the Carib and Arawak civilizations. a) Explain why the Mayan civilization might be consideredRead MoreCaribbean Pleasure Industry And Big Pharma, Women And The Labour Of Love Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pagescorrelation between Caribbean Pleasure Industry and Big Pharma, Women and the Labour of Love; after all, the main subjects within each of the respected woks are vastly different in nearly every possible way. On one hand, we have the exploitation of men within the Dominican, using their bodies and communication skills to profit off Caucasian tourists and on the other, we inspect the affiliation between women, pharmaceutical companies, the culture of medicine, and the impacts this has on women and their relationshipsRead MoreCaribbean History: THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INDENTURESHIP ON THE BRITISH CARIBBEAN BETWEEN THE PERIOD OF 1838 AND 19211629 Words   |  7 PagesTHE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INDENTURESHIP ON THE BRITISH CARIBBEAN BETWEEN THE PERIOD OF 1838 AND 1921 According to readings in the Caribbean Studies, indentureship is a contract labor system in which the workers were waged to work in the Caribbean. These indentured workers had to sign a contract for their employer ensuring that they will work for them for a period of time usually 3-5 years. They were punished if the contract was breached and received three benefits at the end of their contractRead MoreThe True Woman s Slavery Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesThe True Woman’s Slavery Experience in the Caribbean In history, a woman s experience of slavery is often presumed as inadequate and useless. Unfortunately, there are many experiences of women during slavery that is untouched and needs to be highlighted. For instance, did enslaved women work as much as enslaved males? If so, did they work in the same field or was there a difference. Women grew burdensome in that they would spitefully work inefficiently and slower than needed, leading to the resistanceRead MoreEssay on genocide and revolution central themes in the caribbean1169 Words   |  5 Pagesargued that genocide and revolution are central themes in Caribbean History?† There is no doubt that both genocide and revolution have been part of Caribbean History. They have indeed help to shape the Caribbean as we know it; a diversified and rich cultural hub. Genocide has to do with the wiping out of an entire race of people while revolution deals with a complete and drastic change. Upon studying history or more specifically Caribbean history we would note that both elements were present inRead MoreEssay on The Caribbean Identity1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe Caribbean Identity The way in which Benà ­tez-Rojo and Mintz tackle the question of Caribbean identity in their articles, is a removed, objective ideal, in contrast to Michelle Cliff’s portrayal of Jamaican identity. Cliff’s portrayal touches the heart and soul of Caribbean identity. While Mintz and Benà ­tez-Rojo are investigating trends in the Caribbean as a whole, from an outside perspective, Cliff offers the personal, tactile imagery of what it is to live in the Caribbean, utilizing the objective

Why Student Involvement Is Essential For Undergraduate...

Alexander Astin, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Higher Education and Organizational Change, at the University of California, Los Angeles, spent much of his career trying to understand which variables are most likely to predict student success in Higher Education. Through the course of his research, Astin became convinced that what he called â€Å"student involvement† was essential to undergraduate student success. In a now world-leading paper, first published in 1984, Astin defined involvement as â€Å"the amount of physical and psychological energy that the student devotes to the academic experience,† and contended that the amount of learning and personal development that students experience in an academic setting is directly connected to the†¦show more content†¦Given that all three courses operate within this online space, a physical space (and offline manifestation of ‘Random Twist’) would represent the logical conclusion to their online d iscussions, providing a shared real-world space for students to realise collaborative projects. Within the School, we see collaboration as dividing the task and multiplying the success of everything that we do (every course operates shared modules, staff, resources, etc.). We see the ‘Random Twist Hub’ as a creative, interactive, informal and social learning space which would encourage student collaboration beyond their own courses and traditional subject boundaries. The creative opportunities are extensive, and embedding the critical importance of collaboration through creative media-rich projects is everything we hope for within the School. In an ever-changing global landscape, we recognise that hubs are important spaces where students can design, test, scale and launch enterprising new ideas. Within this innovative new space, the students are expected to engage in creative collaboration through the completion of dramatic pieces, live streaming, podcasting, web-based events and student-led web series. This project, alongside the evaluation of its impact, which we will measure through a dedicated (public facing) website documenting its development, would

Odysseus and Supernatural Beings Free Essays

Odysseus and Supernatural Beings Throughout Homer’s Odyssey, there are many supernatural beings that interact with Odysseus. These beings play an important role as either advisors, temptations or foes to Odysseus. Throughout his journey he is confronted with conflicts where he is either helped or hindered by these supernatural beings. We will write a custom essay sample on Odysseus and Supernatural Beings or any similar topic only for you Order Now Below are some examples of the beings that either helped or hindered Odysseus during his journey. The goddess Athena, goddess of wisdom and war, is the most powerful intelligent and influential woman in Odysseus’s life. She is always at his side. She speaks on behalf of Odysseus, telling Zeus, her father, that her heart breaks for forlorn Odysseus. Odysseus longs to see the curls of smoke rising from his home fires in Ithaca, she says, but Calypso will not loosen her hold on him. She reminds Zeus that Odysseus dedicated many burnt offerings to him at Troy. Swayed by her words, Zeus sends the messenger god, Hermes, to Calypso’s island with a command to release Odysseus. Athena aids Odysseus in many ways throughout his entire journey, like when she changes the course of events that take place when he first meets the princess Nausicaa of Phaeacia. Athena changes the course of the ball that the girls are throwing so that it falls on Odysseus and wakes him up, leading him to meet Nausicaa. Many times Athena convinces Zeus and the other Gods that Odysseus is worth saving. Perhaps the most formidable foe of Odysseus is the sea god Poseidon, who continually attempts to thwart the efforts of Odysseus to make a safe journey home. On one of Odysseus adventures he angers the great sea god, Poseidon, by blinding his son, Polyphemus, king of a race of one-eyed giants who inhabit the island of Sicily. In retaliation, Poseidon relentlessly torments Odysseus after he leaves Sicily, imperiling his voyage at every turn. He is aware that he cannot kill nor stop Odysseus but continues his efforts to make Odysseus journey throughout the story full of peril. An example of Poseidon’s wrath is seen as soon as he arrives back from Ethiopia and spots Odysseus making passage towards Phaeacia, he says, â€Å"Just look at him there, nearing Phaeacia’s shores where he’s fated to escape his noose of pain that’s held him until now. Still my hopes ride high-I’ll give that man his swamping fill of trouble,† Poseidon attacks Odysseus with a giant wave, and destroys his newly crafted raft. Odysseus survives with the help of the sea nymph Ino . The beautiful goddess Calypso who falls in love with Odysseus after he washes ashore on her island. Calypso, by means of enchantment, holds him prisoner there for seven years. Calypso used trickery and deceit to have possession over Odysseus. She was a beautiful nymph with a wonderful voice. Calypso uses these advantages to get what she wants. Calypso tries to make Odysseus her husband and asks him if he would want to be immortal by staying on the island with her. Odysseus tells her â€Å"I each day I long for home, long for the sight of home†¦. † In the end, the Gods overpower Calypso into letting him go, but she still demonstrates the god’s idea as if it was her own. She tells him â€Å"O forlorn man, be still. Here you need grieve no more; you need not feel your life consumed here; I have pondered it, and I shall help you go†¦. In the end, she helps Odysseus after releasing him by providing him a raft and provisions to help him on his way without incident if the gods wish it. In conclusion, Odysseus, a mortal, is both helped and hindered by these supernatural beings. He encounters the wrath of Poseidon numerous times throughout his travels. He was held captive by Calypso on her island while longing for home. The Goddess Athena guided and prote cted him the most throughout his travels. Without the aid of these supernatural beings, the journey of Odysseus would not have been the brave, courageous, and risky adventure that it was. How to cite Odysseus and Supernatural Beings, Papers

Digital Innovation for Mauritius Telecom

Question: Discuss about theDigital Innovation for Mauritius Telecom. Answer: Introduction: Current Digital Innovation Since the rebranding of all versatile and Internet administrations in April 2008 to Orange, a strong worldwide brand, there has been a quantum jump in giving clients inventive encounters and policies. Portable clients have gained entry into Mauritius telecom's Internet and television administrations and Mauritius Telecom versatile applications. Mauritius Telecom has given a full range of voice and information administrations utilizing settled line, portable and Internet stages. The current officeholder of Telecom, Mauritius Telecom has been somewhat privatized and now profits by the scale and specialized ability of France Telecom/Orange, which has a 40% enthusiasm for the administrator. Mauritius Telecom offers concurrent administrations through the use of My.T, its multiplayer-IPTV administration. Analysis and Justifications of the Solutions On embarking on its innovation projects, Mauritius Telecom encountered some problems that could have stalled the whole effort. To counter the identified problems the following innovative processes and technologies were recommended. On-line training It was obvious that trying to have everybody committed to the introduction of the innovations was a difficult task since each employee had already had his/her daily tasks. With the on-line mode, the employees can be trained on the awareness programs at their pace thus ensuring that everybody understands and appreciates the relevance of the innovations that are brought by the company. On-line learning can be defined as the asynchronous computer-based way of learning that enables the learners to study at anytime and anywhere using information and communication technology. This solution is touted to be very efficient given the context in which the innovations are being introduced at Mauritius Telecom (Nicholas Simon 2016). Groupware Software With few levels of management at Mauritius Telecom, the groupware is going to allow its employees to collaborate and communicate much more easily. This will hence enhance the decision-making capabilities of all the staff that in the end will streamline the innovation efforts of the company. Groupware can be said to be any computer-base application specifically designed to support people who work together. Being able to make sound decisions can be a critical success factor when organizations evolve in a global world (Webb 2011). Social Network In its pursuit of qualified and experienced people for the implementation of its innovations, Mauritius Telecom is projected to have a competitive advantage when having access to social networks such as LinkedIn. Today professionals use social networks such as LinkedIn to exchange their contact details, look for career opportunities and also improve their branding. Gradually those social networks have recently developed into a bank of thousands of curriculum vitae and profiles of very talented people. Furthermore, LinkedIn offers very affordable membership fees that can only be an advantage for Mauritius Telecom (Proaskis Salehi 2007). Corporate Innovations Mauritius Telecom has put resources into advances, for example, cabinet fiber and high-Speed Packet Access and has also stretched out broadband access to a settled line and versatile clients all around in Mauritius. To help basic leadership at whatever time, anyplace, the company's continuous innovation administrations and arrangements, combined with its experience and know-how, the company has now started giving organizations a one-stop answer for IP-based administrations, virtual private systems and rapid web access and application services. The organization presented the One Tariff, One Country approach, by balancing between island taxes amongst Mauritius and Rodrigues with those predominant in terrain Mauritius and the Apple iPhone 3G that was dispatched towards the end of 2008. Mauritius Telecom further experienced a few levy diminishments in 2008: a lessening of up to 41% in worldwide call duties utilizing prepaid cards of SEZAM; a diminishment of 30 pennies for each moment on global call levies using the code 020; a 20% decline in the expense of versatile to settled brought in June 2008; and a decrease of somewhere around 21% and 45%, contingent upon the post-paid rental bundle, on post-paid portable call taxes. Mauritius Telecom has been putting resources into home and business fiber Gigabit Passive Optical Network, SHDSL and ADSL advancements and is additionally now offering Telepresence and Cloud Computing arrangements (Morabito 2014). Digital Innovation after the Solutions Integrating LinkedIn with the existing procedures and processes was the easiest part of the integration effort. Attention was paid to the integration of groupware and the on-line training system with the existing software applications. In case the new applications were hosted on existing servers, Mauritius Telecom integrated the new databases with the current database. Systems integration can be defined as a way of merging the tasks of a set of subsystems, be it hardware, software, or even both so as to yield a distinct, unified structure that gratifies some need of a corporation. However, a smooth integration of LinkedIn with the recruitment procedures was done. It is a known fact that LinkedIn does not require the installation of new applications and hardware on site. Typically separate databases involve additional costs regarding the DBMS licenses apart from compatibility aspects (Lugmayr Niiranen 2004). For Mauritius Telecom, the result of the integration was a noticeable improv ement in the organizations workflow and by extension greater customer satisfaction. The company decided to purchase new servers for all its new applications. Cost-Benefit and Implementation Analysis The successful implementation of any innovation depends on a thoroughly prepared cost-benefit analysis. Indeed this exploration has presumed a critical position in the intelligence systems revolution (Franklin 2013). Cost Benefit analysis Innovations involve some intangible costs, which should not be neglected. In the case of the on-line training solution and the groupware the indirect costs can be the administrative expenses involves in purchasing that software (McQuivey Bernoff 2013). With regards to Mauritius Telecom, the direct costs are mainly the setup fees and the licenses for the on-line training solutions, the groupware and membership fees for LinkedIn. Unintended expenses are those expenditures that are used to the advantage of numerous expense objects. This expense category would include loss of employee efficiency when they would concentrate on the new technologies and neglect their routine works. Costs can be categorized as a direct cost, indirect cost and intangible cost (Bavm 2015). Implementation Analysis The plan includes preparation of conversion plan, systems testing, and installation of databases, user training and conversion to the new system. The feedback would be used to correct any identified shortcomings. An implementation plan that meets the organization objectives is crucial to any innovation venture. The application refers to all the corporation activities working toward the adopting, managing, and making a routine out of innovation. Once the tests are completed, a detailed conversion plan would outline if the new structures should be implemented as an unexpected cut over or in parallel with existing systems and processes. The next step to take is the installation of the new databases. A pilot project should be conducted to test the new technologies with a small sample of users. The final step is the handing over of the systems to the users and this step also involves providing feedback to the vendor. User practicing is a significant milestone, as the new systems will be u sed efficiently only if people are well trained (Sklar 2001). Conclusion Mauritius telecom should have started using LinkedIn to recruit better-suited employees in regards to perfection in digital innovation implementation. An operations manager is also needed to make sure digital innovation goes smoothly. However, if the company does not do this, then it is bound to loose so much. References Bavm, N. K. (2015). Personal Connections in the Digital Age (Digital Media and Society). Franklin, M. I. (2013). Digital Dilemas: Power,Resistance,and the Internet. Lugmayr, A., Niiranen, S. (2004). Digital Interactive TV and Metadata: Future Broadcast Multimedia (Signals and Communication Technology). McQuivey, J., Bernoff, J. (2013). Digital Disruption: Unleashing the Next Wave of Innovation. Morabito, V. (2014). Trends and Challenges in Digital Business Innovation. Nicholas, A., Simon, J. (2016). New Frontiers in Social Innovation Research. Proaskis, J., Salehi, M. (2007). Digital Communications (5th ed.). Sklar, B. (2001). Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications (2nd Edition). Webb, N. J. (2011). The Digital Innovation Playbook: Creating a Transformative Customer Experience.

Business Process Outsourcing Relationships-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Advantages of Outsourcing Business Functions. Answer: Introduction The growth of business across the globe over the past years has lead to a consequent rise of functional tools. Among the several metrics in the corporate industry, outsourcing is recognized as one the most influential aspect. In addition to lending a helping hand towards new firms, the concept has successfully provided direction to well performing enterprises. It is noted that the multi-dimensional feature along with its several benefits and limitations has greatly affected decision making process (Mann and Graham, 2016, pp. 530-548). Moreover, with modernization outsourcing is not only done domestically but also at an international level. On the other hand, being an integral factor, the tool is referred to be a strategic approach for organizations. This particular project takes into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing business functions. Furthermore, the report tends to compare and contrast various published resources with a motive to understand the notion in a detailed manner. In addition to a practical approach, various reviewed articles, books, and journals have been utilized to analyze literature gaps and thereby come to a proper conclusion. Project Objective The major objectives of this report are as follows: To analyze the several advantages gained by outsourcing functions in a business To analyze the several disadvantages gained by outsourcing functions in a business Project Scope Outsourcing of process in an organization is a complex topic that requires detailed analysis and investigation. The use of secondary sources in this report helps to understand the concept in a comprehensive manner. Further, a thorough research into the field enables to locate gaps in the literature. This project tends fill up the pitfalls and evolve with a suitable conclusion. Literature Review Advantages of Outsourcing Business Functions Outsourcing is recognized to act as a support system to business operations. Being a multifaceted aspect, outsourcing can be divided into several phases. The journal by Lacity and Willcocks (2014, pp. 66-92) classifies advantages of the feature into the following type: Expert Operations: As compared to inexperienced workers in a company, outsourcing allows access to expert knowledge and skills. Apart from building up relationships with professionals in the industry, the tool enables firms to gather and benefit from their technical know-how. Additionally, Wuyts, Rindfleisch and Citrin (2015, pp. 40-55) states that outsourcing agencies also take an interest in business firms by providing them with external investments as well. Enhances Core Business: Outsourcing activities from a firm helps the management to differentiate between core and non-core functions. An increased concentration on core processes not only helps to develop competency levels, but also contributes towards building competitive advantage factors (Gerbl et al., 2015, pp. 505-518). Moreover, consideration of outsourcing within a firm assists in developing a more functional strategy for development as well. Cost Reduction: Similar to the journal of Lacity and Willcocks (2014, pp. 66-92), the book of Szymczak (2013, p. 59) include a detailed insight into the advances of outsourcing. It is noted that a decrease in expenditure results in a rise of savings. Moreover, products and services are modernized and fulfil the needs of customers at a comparatively lower cost. The 20%-30% cost cut-down by external agencies, significantly help in stabilisation of newly built companies (Chou, Techatassanasoontorn and Hung, 2015, pp. 30-43). Enhanced Innovation: Outsourcing business processes directly or indirectly aids to develop a sense of innovation within a firm. An increased focus on core activities enables the workforce to work in a proficient manner. Further, a rise of creativity also tends to strengthen work relationships along with increasing productivity levels. However, Auksztol and Chomuszko (2013, pp. 131-144) considers this factor to be not happening in the real world. Time Management: According to Verma, Singh and Gupta (2013, p. 125), businesses are built upon the foundation of uncountable operations. Every activity requires time and attention by the employees. Moreover, peak seasons also lead to a rise of demands that need to be taken care of by firms. Stanfield and Thompson (2014, pp. 189-209) emphasises on the fact that outsourcing helps to lower pressure and handle activities effectively along with timely delivery. However, apart from the five major advantages mentioned in the work of Lacity and Willcocks (2014, pp. 66-92), outsourcing tends to offer a few other benefits as well. Moreover, the journal does not take into consideration the modernized facet of outsourcing. As stated by Smogavec and Peljhan (2016, pp. 410-423), the various ways in which the tool helps an organization as the following: Outsourcing helps the management to join hand with specialized agencies that guide towards escaping risks and dangerous situations. The growth of social and digital media enables firms to contact freelancers at any corner of the world to perform overseas outsourcing. It is noted that creation of contractual agreements in the process helps to lower informal relationships and communication within an organization. Outsourcing activities not only simplifies management of projects, but also ensures timely delivery and increased customer satisfaction. Disadvantages of Outsourcing Business Functions According to Cromie and Zott (2013, p. 131), outsourcing of business processes tends to possess various drawbacks that severely limit its effectiveness. However, Mol and Brewster (2014, pp. 201-234) mentions that the various difficulties can be controlled with proper planning and coordination between a company and an external agency. The four principle disadvantages stated in the work of Mosca and Bordelon (2017, pp. 170-198) are the following: Internal De-motivation: An increase of outsourcing functions might make the internal employees de-motivated. Further, the increase of dependency on external professionals would also result in a growth of incapability among the workforce as well. On the contrary, Parlour (2016, p. 439) declares that outsourcing human resources and its several phases would develop capacities. Lowered Managerial Control: Outsourcing a process from the company makes its beyond the reach and governance of the management. An increase of dependence on external firms also leads to loss of individuality. In addition to a collapse of administrative control, outsourcing tends to limit creation of competitive advantage factors (Lacity and Willcocks, 2015, p. 147). Also, there is a rise of informal and casual behaviour with lowering control of the supervisors or departmental managers. Planning Risks: Successive planning for the future is one of the most crucial aspects for growth of business. It is noted that outsourcing of activities at times result in low outputs, which limits the capability of a firm. On the other hand, external professionals who have no idea about the motives of a compact add up liabilities. As mentioned by Peck (2017, p. 373), it is the appropriate balance of interior and exterior workmen that ensure fulfilment of targets. Information Risks: In addition to intellectual capital risks, excess outsourcing tends to build up confidentiality issues for an organization. As per Oshri, Kotlarsky and Willcocks (2015, p. 439), the increase of reliability on agencies put necessary information at risk. On the other hand, stealing of private data is another issue that confronts outsourcing. Moreover, the creation of such a situation along with leading to loss for any firm also significantly affects its relationship with big third parties. However, in addition to the four major drawbacks stated by Mosca and Bordelon (2017, pp. 170-198), the work of Bowman (2016, pp. 195-201) reconsiders disadvantages of outsourcing. Apart for the above mentioned limitations, Hill (2015, p. 489) list down a few more which are as follows: Despite of outsourcing being considered as a cheaper option, there exists few hidden cost that greatly affect budget of a firm. Like every organization, external agencies consider outsourcing to be a form of business (Molinelli and Paccagnella, 2013, pp. 417-428). It is noted that being financially attached to any outsourcing company leads to a rise in risk levels. Outsourcing incorporates various moral issues. Customers without a preference for this aspect tend to disregard any organization that involves in these activities. Lastly, exchange of complex data that governs business activities is an inflexible task. Based on the idea of Garrigos-Simon, Gil-Pechua?n and Estelles-Miguel (2015, p. 129), it can be stated that problems like this arise in the case of overseas outsourcing. Conclusion Based on the above project it can be inferred that the concept of outsourcing hold quite a few advantages and disadvantages that greatly impact its smooth functioning. Further, it can be understood that with a growth of the corporate world and the aspect within it, there has been a rise of external agencies as well. Concerning benefits of outsourcing, expert operations, cost reduction, enhanced innovation, time management and a focus on core business tend to be the most contributing factors. On the contrary, dynamics like internal de-motivation, lowered managerial control, planning and information risks are considered to be most adversely affecting elements. However, there do exist a few more facets that acts as a benefit or challenge to business firms. Also, analyzing the literature in the field it can be inferred that there lies gaps that need to be filled. Furthermore, it can be concluded that with development of effective plans and coordination with the management, a business org anization will be able to control the various negatives and enjoy the benefits of outsourcing. References Auksztol, J., and Chomuszko, M. (2013). Business processes outsourcing: Origin and development.Zarza?dzanie I Finanse,pp. 131-144. Bowman, A. 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